Fashion Design Drawing

Inflexion, forward (Fig. 5).

In extension movement parts E and L are much affected in the spine, forming deep curves, part K always retaining the same curvature in any movement.

In Figs. 5 and 4, E and L have changed curvature, K retaining its shape.

Fig. 3 shows the normal back flesh indications of the spine, which is influenced by projecting muscles and bones.

In Fig. 2 the dotted lines represent the vertebral column (or spine), which is not covered by muscle. There are projecting muscles over and attached to its surface, but they do not cover.

The back of thorax (ribs), which is thickly padded with muscles, projects beyond the spine, placing it within a slightly hollow recess along the middle of the back.

The scapula (shoulder blade) projects slightly beyond thorax D, showing in flesh outline at A, Fig. 2, and is freely used for the movement of arm.

It is attached to the humerus B (upper arm bone) and

Fashion Design Drawing - Trunk Muscles 1.jpg

clavicle C (collar bone), these three working together when movement takes place.

Space D is occupied by thorax and by a number of ribs, twelve in number, seven of which are called true, and five false, as they are not directly attached to the sternum (breast bone).

The collar bones in the female are either horizontal or slope slightly downwards from the pit of neck to shoulder, owing to the shape of female thorax, and rest on the acromion process of the shoulder blade (Fig. 8, Plate 10).

Prominens E (seventh cervical vertebra) marks a forward change in outline of spine (see also Plate 21). In a forward movement of the head it makes one curve from the nape of the neck to K, the dorsal region of the spine (Fig. 5).